2-chlorotoluene

2-Chlorotoluene is an organic compound that belongs to the class of chlorinated hydrocarbons. It is a colorless liquid with a distinct smell similar to that of benzene. The chemical formula of 2-chlorotoluene is C₇H₇Cl.

Structure and Properties

2-Chlorotoluene consists of a benzene ring with a methyl group (CH₃) and a chlorine atom attached to it. The chlorine atom is attached to the second carbon atom of the benzene ring, hence the name 2-chlorotoluene.

The compound has a molecular weight of 126.59 g/mol. It has a boiling point of 159.8 °C and a melting point of -35 °C. It is slightly soluble in water but readily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and diethyl ether.

Synthesis

2-Chlorotoluene can be synthesized by the chlorination of toluene in the presence of a catalyst, such as iron(III) chloride or aluminium chloride. The reaction is highly exothermic and needs to be controlled to prevent the formation of by-products.

Uses

2-Chlorotoluene is used as a starting material in the synthesis of other organic compounds, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. It is also used as a solvent in some industrial processes.

Safety and Environmental Impact

Exposure to 2-chlorotoluene can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It is also harmful if swallowed or inhaled. The compound is not classified as a carcinogen, but long-term exposure can lead to liver and kidney damage.

2-Chlorotoluene is not readily biodegradable and can persist in the environment for a long time. It can contaminate water and soil and can be toxic to aquatic life.

See Also

• Chlorobenzene
• Toluene
• Chlorination

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