Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(Redirected from 2019 novel coronavirus)
Abbreviated as SARS-COv-2, (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), is a member of the family of viruses called coronviridae, that also includes the common cold virus, flu, SARS(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome caused by SARS-Coronavirus-1) and MERS(Middle East Respiratory Syndrome). An infection with SARS-COv-2 causes COVID-19.
Background[edit | edit source]
Around 2003-2004, a type of coronavirus called SARS-CoV-1(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 1), emerged from China and infected more than 8,000 people mostly in China, Hong Kong, and other South Asian countries. SARS-CoV-1 was eradicated by intensive contact tracing and case isolation measures and no cases have been detected since 2004. SARS-CoV-1 is the human coronavirus most closely related to SARS-CoV-2. In the stability study the two viruses behaved similarly, which unfortunately fails to explain why COVID-19 has become a much larger outbreak.
Characteristics of SARS-COv-2[edit | edit source]
Since the initial outbreak name as COVID-19, in December of 2019 in Wuhan, China, SARS-COv-2 has spread to over 150 countries around the world and has been declared as a pandemic by the, WHO. As one of the most aggressively spreading viruses, SARS-COv-2 has many unique characteristics that make it more potent as a pathogen that can spread rapidly among communities.
How SARS-COv-2 spreads?[edit | edit source]
SARS-CoV-2 can persist on plastic and stainless steel surfaces for up to 3 days (at 21-23oC, 40% RH), with a half-life of 13-16 hours. SARS-CoV-2 has an aerosol half-life of 2.7 hours (particles <5 μm, tested at 21-23oC and 65% RH).
Surrogate Coronavirus data:
- Studies suggest that other coronaviruses can survive on nonporous surfaces up to 9-10 days (MHV, SARS-CoV) and porous surfaces for up to 3-5 days (SARS-CoV) in air conditioned environments (20-25oC, 40-50% RH)
- Coronavirus survival tends to be higher at lower temperatures and lower relative humidity (RH), though infectious virus can persist on surfaces for several days in typical office or hospital conditions
- SARS can persist with trace infectivity for up to 28 days at refrigerated temperatures (4oC) on surfaces.
- Beta-coronaviruses (e.g., SARS-CoV) may be more stable than alphacoronaviruses (HCoV-229E).
- No strong evidence for reduction in transmission with seasonal increase in temperature and humidity.
- One hour after aerosolization approximately 63% of airborne MERS virus remained viable in a simulated office environment (25oC, 75% RH)
- The aerosol survival of related human coronavirus (229E) was relatively high, (half-life of ~67 hours at 20oC and 50% RH), indicating ~20% of infectious virus remained after 6 days.
Both higher and lower RH reduced HCoV-229E survival; low
[edit source]
Coronavirus: WHO declares COVID 19 a pandemic.
Treatments[edit source]
The monoclonal antibodies treatments Bamlanivimab (made by Eli Lilly and Company) and the therapeutic cocktail Casirivimab/Imdevimab (made by Regeneron) called monoclonal antibodies that can be given to help treat patients with COVID-19.
Vaccines[edit source]
List of approved COVID-19 vaccinations in US[edit source]
The following COVID-19 vaccines have received emergency use authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the prevention of COVID-19:
- The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for use in persons 16 years of age and older.
- The Moderna COVID-19 vaccine for use in persons 18 years of age and older.
- The Johnson & Johnson (Janssen) COVID-19 vaccine for use in persons 18 years and older.
External links[edit source]
Search WikiMD
Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD
WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia |
Let Food Be Thy Medicine Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates |
Translate this page: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
தமிழ்,
తెలుగు,
Urdu,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
বাংলা
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
Greek,
português do Brasil,
polski,
română,
русский,
Nederlands,
norsk,
svenska,
suomi,
Italian
Middle Eastern & African
عربى,
Turkish,
Persian,
Hebrew,
Afrikaans,
isiZulu,
Kiswahili,
Other
Bulgarian,
Hungarian,
Czech,
Swedish,
മലയാളം,
मराठी,
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,
ગુજરાતી,
Portuguese,
Ukrainian
Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.
Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD