5-HT5 receptor

A subtype of serotonin receptor

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The 5-HT₅ receptor is a subtype of the serotonin receptor that is involved in various neurological processes. It is one of the several receptors that bind the neurotransmitter serotonin, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). The 5-HT₅ receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and is primarily expressed in the central nervous system.

Structure

The 5-HT₅ receptor is a member of the GPCR family, which is characterized by seven transmembrane domains. These receptors are involved in transmitting signals from outside the cell to the inside, initiating various intracellular processes. The 5-HT₅ receptor is encoded by the HTR5A gene in humans.

Function

The exact physiological role of the 5-HT₅ receptor is not fully understood, but it is believed to play a role in modulating neurotransmission, mood, and cognition. It is involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms, sleep, and anxiety.

Distribution

The 5-HT₅ receptor is predominantly found in the brain, with high expression in the hippocampus, cortex, and cerebellum. Its distribution suggests a role in higher cognitive functions and motor control.

Pharmacology

The 5-HT₅ receptor has been less studied compared to other serotonin receptors, but it is known to interact with various ligands. Some agonists and antagonists have been identified, which can help in understanding its function and potential therapeutic applications.

Clinical significance

Research into the 5-HT₅ receptor is ongoing, with potential implications for the treatment of psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia. Understanding the role of this receptor could lead to the development of new therapeutic agents.

Also see

• Serotonin receptor
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Neurotransmitter
• Circadian rhythm