A mari usque ad mare

Coat of arms of Canada (motto)

Coat of arms of Canada (1921)

A mari usque ad mare is a Latin phrase meaning "from sea to sea." This phrase is the motto of Canada, signifying the country's vast geography stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Adopted as part of the Canadian Coat of Arms in 1921, the motto encapsulates the national ambition of unity across the diverse landscapes and cultures within Canada's borders.

Origin and Adoption

The phrase "A mari usque ad mare" originates from the Bible, specifically from Psalm 72:8, which in the Vulgate—the Latin version of the Bible—reads, "Et dominabitur a mari usque ad mare, et a flumine usque ad terminos terrae." This translates to "He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends of the earth." The adaptation of this biblical phrase as Canada's motto reflects the country's spiritual and cultural heritage, as well as its ambition for national unity and expansion.

The idea to adopt "A mari usque ad mare" as Canada's motto was proposed by Joseph Pope, who was the private secretary to Sir John A. Macdonald, Canada's first Prime Minister. It was officially proclaimed part of the Canadian Coat of Arms by King George V in 1921, following the recommendation of the Canadian Heraldic Authority.

Symbolism and Significance

The motto "A mari usque ad mare" symbolizes Canada's geographical expanse from the Atlantic to the Pacific. It reflects the country's ambition for unity, connecting diverse provinces and territories across vast distances. The phrase also embodies the spirit of exploration and the achievement of a transcontinental nation, which was realized with the completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1885, linking the east and west coasts.

In a broader sense, the motto represents the Canadian values of inclusivity and diversity, suggesting a nation that stretches out its arms from one sea to another, welcoming people of all cultures and backgrounds. It underscores Canada's role as a nation built on the principles of peace, freedom, and respect for the natural environment.

Usage

"A mari usque ad mare" appears on the Canadian Coat of Arms and is used in various official and ceremonial contexts. It is a part of the heraldry that adorns government buildings, official documents, and some Canadian currency. The motto encapsulates the pride Canadians have in their country's natural beauty, vastness, and unity.

Conclusion

The motto "A mari usque ad mare" is a powerful expression of Canada's identity, embodying the nation's aspirations, values, and commitment to unity across its vast geography. From its biblical origins to its adoption as the national motto, it has become a symbol of Canada's enduring spirit and a reminder of the country's journey from sea to sea.