Abdominal rigidity

Abdominal rigidity is a medical symptom that refers to the stiffness of the abdomen. It is often associated with severe abdominal pain and is a sign of serious medical conditions such as peritonitis or acute pancreatitis.

Definition

Abdominal rigidity, also known as abdominal guarding, is a type of involuntary muscle contraction that occurs in the abdominal wall. This is a protective mechanism that the body uses to shield the abdomen from pain or injury. It is often a sign of an underlying medical condition that requires immediate attention.

Causes

Abdominal rigidity can be caused by a variety of conditions, including:

• Peritonitis: This is an inflammation of the peritoneum, the thin tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers most of the abdominal organs. It is often caused by an infection or a rupture in the abdomen.
• Acute pancreatitis: This is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas. It can cause severe abdominal pain and rigidity.
• Appendicitis: This is an inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch that is attached to the large intestine. If left untreated, it can rupture and cause serious complications.
• Cholecystitis: This is an inflammation of the gallbladder, often caused by gallstones. It can cause severe abdominal pain and rigidity.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of abdominal rigidity is usually made through a physical examination. The doctor may press on different areas of the abdomen to check for tenderness or rigidity. In some cases, further tests such as an ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI may be needed to determine the underlying cause of the rigidity.

Treatment

The treatment for abdominal rigidity depends on the underlying cause. It may include antibiotics for infections, surgery for conditions such as appendicitis or cholecystitis, or other treatments as needed. Pain relief is also an important part of treatment.

See also

• Abdominal pain
• Peritonitis
• Acute pancreatitis
• Appendicitis
• Cholecystitis