Acetylmorphone

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Acetylmorphone

Acetylmorphone is a potent semi-synthetic opioid analgesic derived from morphine. It is used for the relief of moderate to severe pain. Acetylmorphone is also known by its trade names, Algoson and Dinarkon, among others.

Chemistry

Acetylmorphone is a 3-acetate ester of morphine. It is created by the acetylation of morphine, a process which converts the natural product into a semi-synthetic compound. The chemical structure of acetylmorphone is similar to that of morphine, with the addition of an acetyl group at the 3-position.

Pharmacology

Acetylmorphone acts primarily on the mu-opioid receptor, producing analgesia and sedation. It also has effects on the kappa-opioid receptor and delta-opioid receptor, although these are less pronounced. The drug is metabolized in the liver, primarily by the enzyme CYP3A4, and its metabolites are excreted in the urine.

Clinical Use

Acetylmorphone is used for the management of moderate to severe pain, particularly in situations where other analgesics are ineffective or contraindicated. It is also used in the treatment of severe, chronic pain conditions such as cancer pain.

Side Effects

Common side effects of acetylmorphone include nausea, vomiting, constipation, and drowsiness. More serious side effects can include respiratory depression, dependence, and overdose.

Legal Status

In many countries, acetylmorphone is a controlled substance due to its potential for abuse and dependence. In the United States, it is a Schedule II controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act.

See Also

• Opioid
• Morphine
• Opioid receptor
• Controlled Substances Act