Acinar cell carcinoma

Acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) is a rare form of cancer that originates in the acinar cells of the pancreas. It accounts for approximately 1-2% of all exocrine pancreatic tumors. ACC is characterized by its aggressive nature and poor prognosis, with a five-year survival rate of less than 20%.

Etiology

The exact cause of ACC is unknown. However, it is believed to be associated with certain genetic mutations. Some studies suggest a link between ACC and smoking, alcohol consumption, and chronic pancreatitis, but more research is needed to confirm these associations.

Symptoms

The symptoms of ACC are often non-specific and can vary depending on the size and location of the tumor. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, weight loss, and jaundice. In some cases, patients may present with diabetes mellitus due to the tumor's effect on insulin production.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of ACC is challenging due to its rarity and non-specific symptoms. It is often misdiagnosed as other types of pancreatic cancer. Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and confirmation is usually obtained through a biopsy.

Treatment

Treatment for ACC typically involves surgery to remove the tumor, followed by chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. However, due to the aggressive nature of ACC, it often spreads to other parts of the body before it is diagnosed, making curative treatment difficult.

Prognosis

The prognosis for ACC is generally poor, with a five-year survival rate of less than 20%. Factors that can affect prognosis include the size and location of the tumor, the patient's overall health, and the extent of disease at the time of diagnosis.

See also

• Pancreatic cancer
• Exocrine pancreatic tumors
• Acinar cells