Aerodigestive tract

The aerodigestive tract refers to the combined organs and tissues of the respiratory system and the upper digestive tract. This includes the oral cavity, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and esophagus.

Anatomy

The aerodigestive tract is a complex system that serves both respiratory and digestive functions. It is divided into the following sections:

• Oral cavity: The mouth, which is the entry point for both food and air.
• Nasal cavity: The space behind the nose that filters, warms, and moistens air.
• Pharynx: A muscular tube that serves as a pathway for both air and food.
• Larynx: Also known as the voice box, it is involved in breathing, producing sound, and protecting the trachea against food aspiration.
• Trachea: The windpipe, which connects the larynx to the lungs.
• Esophagus: A muscular tube that carries food and liquids from the throat to the stomach.

Function

The primary functions of the aerodigestive tract include:

• **Respiration**: Facilitating the passage of air to the lungs for gas exchange.
• **Digestion**: Transporting food and liquids to the stomach for digestion.
• **Protection**: Preventing the entry of food and liquids into the respiratory tract through mechanisms such as the epiglottis.

Clinical Significance

Disorders of the aerodigestive tract can affect breathing, swallowing, and speaking. Common conditions include:

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
• Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR)
• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• Head and neck cancer

See Also

• Respiratory system
• Digestive system
• Otorhinolaryngology

External Links

• Aerodigestive tract on WikiMD