Airborne transmission

Airborne transmission refers to the spread of diseases through tiny pathogens that remain infectious when suspended in the air over long distances and time. This mode of transmission is a significant factor in the spread of many infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, measles, and influenza.

Overview

Airborne transmission occurs when bacteria or viruses on dust particles or in small respiratory droplets become airborne due to coughing, sneezing, or certain medical procedures. These particles can be inhaled by other individuals and lead to infection. This is different from droplet transmission, where infection is spread through large droplets that fall quickly to the ground.

Diseases Spread by Airborne Transmission

Several diseases are known to be spread through airborne transmission. These include:

• Tuberculosis: This bacterial infection primarily affects the lungs and can be spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
• Measles: Measles is a highly contagious virus that spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
• Influenza: The flu virus is spread through the air, primarily when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks.

Prevention

Preventing airborne transmission involves a combination of personal, environmental, and administrative controls. These include:

• Vaccination: Vaccines can protect individuals from certain airborne diseases, such as measles and influenza.
• Ventilation: Proper ventilation can help to remove infectious particles from the air.
• Respiratory hygiene: Covering the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing can help to prevent the spread of pathogens.

See Also

• Disease transmission
• Infectious disease
• Pandemic