Alpha-Pyrrolidinopropiophenone

A-PPP

Alpha-Pyrrolidinopropiophenone (α-Pyrrolidinopropiophenone, α-PPP), is a stimulant compound developed in the 1960s which has been reported as a novel designer drug. It is a structural analog of the amphetamine class of drugs, specifically related to pyrovalerone and MDPV (Methylenedioxypyrovalerone), sharing many of the same chemical properties and effects. α-PPP acts as a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), which means it effectively increases the levels of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain by inhibiting their reuptake. This mechanism of action is similar to other stimulants, contributing to its effects on increasing alertness, energy, and euphoria, but also its potential for addiction and abuse.

Chemistry

Alpha-Pyrrolidinopropiophenone is a synthetic compound that belongs to the class of cathinones, which are naturally found in the plant khat (Catha edulis). The chemical formula for α-PPP is C13H17NO, indicating it contains a pyrrolidine ring bound to a propiophenone backbone. The presence of the pyrrolidine ring is a defining feature of this class of compounds, contributing to their pharmacological properties.

Pharmacology

The primary action of α-PPP is as a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor, which leads to an increase in the concentration of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft and thus enhances their effects on the post-synaptic neuron. This action is responsible for its stimulant effects, which can include increased alertness, concentration, energy, and in higher doses, euphoria, increased sociability, and sexual arousal. However, these effects come with a high potential for abuse and addiction, similar to other stimulants.

Effects

The effects of α-PPP can vary depending on the dose, route of administration, and individual user. Common effects include:

• Increased alertness and energy
• Euphoria
• Increased sociability
• Sexual arousal
• Increased heart rate and blood pressure
• Reduced appetite

However, adverse effects can occur, especially with higher doses or prolonged use, including:

• Anxiety and paranoia
• Insomnia
• Agitation and aggression
• Psychotic episodes
• Cardiovascular problems

Legal Status

The legal status of α-PPP varies by country but it has been increasingly controlled or banned in many jurisdictions due to its potential for abuse and harm. In some countries, it is classified as a controlled substance under analog acts, due to its structural similarity to prohibited stimulants.

See Also

• Cathinone
• Pyrovalerone
• MDPV
• Stimulant
• Designer drug