Alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate

Alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (also known as ACCA) is a chemical compound that is often used in scientific research. It is a potent and specific inhibitor of the monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), which is responsible for the transport of lactate across the cell membrane.

Structure and Properties[edit | edit source]

Alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate is a derivative of cinnamic acid, with a cyano group (-CN) at the alpha position and a hydroxy group (-OH) at the 4 position. Its molecular formula is C10H7NO3 and its molecular weight is 189.17 g/mol.

File:Alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate.png

Structure of Alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate

Biological Activity[edit | edit source]

ACCA is a potent inhibitor of the monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), which is responsible for the transport of lactate across the cell membrane. By inhibiting MCT1, ACCA can effectively block the Warburg effect, a phenomenon in which cancer cells preferentially metabolize glucose by glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen. This makes ACCA a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer.

Research Use[edit | edit source]

In research, ACCA is often used to study the role of MCT1 and lactate transport in various biological processes, including cancer metabolism, neuroscience, and exercise physiology. It is also used to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of MCT1 inhibition in cancer treatment.

Safety and Toxicity[edit | edit source]

As with all chemical compounds, appropriate safety precautions should be taken when handling ACCA. It is recommended to use personal protective equipment and to handle the compound in a well-ventilated area. The toxicity of ACCA has not been fully characterized, and it is not intended for human consumption.