Alpha-pyrrolidinobutiophenone

Alpha-pyrrolidinobutiophenone (α-PBP) is a synthetic stimulant of the cathinone class developed in the 1960s that has been reported as a novel psychoactive substance in the 21st century. It is closely related to other synthetic cathinones such as alpha-PVP (alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone) and MDPV (Methylenedioxypyrovalerone), sharing similar chemical structures and effects. α-PBP acts as a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), which leads to increased concentrations of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, resulting in stimulant and euphoric effects.

Chemistry

Alpha-pyrrolidinobutiophenone is a synthetic compound that belongs to the substituted cathinone family, which itself is a subset of the phenethylamine class. The chemical formula for α-PBP is C₁₅H₂₁NO. Its molecular structure includes a phenyl ring bound to an amino (NH₂) group through an ethyl chain and a butyl chain attached to a pyrrolidine ring. The presence of the pyrrolidine ring is what distinguishes α-PBP and its relatives from other phenethylamines, contributing to their unique pharmacological properties.

Pharmacology

The primary mechanism of action of α-PBP involves acting as a reuptake inhibitor for the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine, leading to an increase in their levels in the synaptic cleft and prolonged effects of these neurotransmitters on their respective receptors. This action is responsible for α-PBP's stimulant and euphoric effects. Due to its potency and ability to cause euphoria, α-PBP is considered to have a high potential for abuse and addiction.

Effects

The effects of α-PBP can include euphoria, increased alertness, increased energy, and increased sociability. However, adverse effects are common and can include paranoia, anxiety, agitation, and risk of psychotic episodes. Physical side effects may include increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and hyperthermia. The severity of these effects often depends on the dose and the individual's tolerance to stimulants.

Legal Status

The legal status of α-PBP varies by country but it has been increasingly controlled or banned in many jurisdictions due to concerns over its potential for abuse, addiction, and harm to public health. In some countries, it is classified as a controlled substance under analog acts due to its structural similarities to other regulated stimulants.

See Also

• Cathinone
• Substituted cathinone
• Stimulant
• Psychoactive substance