Alpha globulin

Alpha globulin is a type of protein found in the blood plasma. It is one of the three main types of globulin, along with beta globulin and gamma globulin. Alpha globulin is further divided into two subtypes: alpha-1 globulin and alpha-2 globulin.

Function

Alpha globulins play a crucial role in the body's immune system and inflammatory response. They are involved in transporting various substances in the blood, including lipids, hormones, and minerals. Alpha-1 globulin includes proteins such as alpha-1 antitrypsin and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, while alpha-2 globulin includes haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, and alpha-2 macroglobulin.

Clinical significance

Abnormal levels of alpha globulin in the blood can indicate a variety of medical conditions. Increased levels can be seen in inflammatory diseases, infections, and certain types of cancer. Decreased levels can be a sign of malnutrition, liver disease, or kidney disease.

Measurement

The levels of alpha globulin in the blood can be measured using a protein electrophoresis test. This test separates the different types of proteins in the blood based on their electrical charge, allowing for the quantification of alpha-1 and alpha-2 globulins.

See also

• Beta globulin
• Gamma globulin
• Protein electrophoresis
• Serum protein electrophoresis