Ancylostomatoidea

Ancylostomatoidea is a superfamily of nematodes, commonly known as hookworms. They are part of the order Strongylida and are known for their parasitic nature, primarily affecting the intestines of their hosts.

Overview

The Ancylostomatoidea superfamily includes two significant families, Ancylostomatidae and Bunostomatidae. These families contain several species that are of medical and veterinary importance due to their parasitic nature.

Morphology

Ancylostomatoidea are characterized by their hook-like mouthparts, which they use to attach to the intestinal wall of their hosts. They are generally small, with adult sizes ranging from 5 to 15 mm in length. The body is cylindrical, and the anterior end is bent dorsally, giving them a hook-like appearance.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of Ancylostomatoidea involves several stages, including egg, four larval stages, and adult. The eggs are passed in the feces of the host. Under favorable conditions, the eggs hatch into larvae in the soil. The larvae undergo several molts before becoming infective. The infective larvae penetrate the skin of a new host, are carried to the lungs, migrate to the throat, are swallowed, and then reach the intestines, where they mature into adults.

Pathogenicity

Ancylostomatoidea are significant parasites, causing diseases such as hookworm disease and ancylostomiasis. They attach to the intestinal wall of the host, causing blood loss and leading to iron-deficiency anemia. In severe cases, they can cause malnutrition and developmental delays in children.

Prevention and Control

Prevention of Ancylostomatoidea infection involves proper sanitation and hygiene practices, including the use of proper footwear to prevent skin penetration by larvae. Control measures include regular deworming of pets and livestock, and treatment of infected individuals with anthelmintic drugs.

See Also

• Nematode
• Parasitology
• Hookworm disease
• Ancylostomiasis