Arbutamine hydrochloride
Overview[edit | edit source]
Arbutamine Hydrochloride is a synthetic catecholamine used primarily as a pharmacological agent in cardiac stress testing. It is designed to mimic the effects of exercise on the heart by stimulating beta-adrenergic receptors, thereby increasing heart rate and myocardial contractility.
Pharmacology[edit | edit source]
Arbutamine is a beta-adrenergic agonist with selectivity for beta-1 adrenergic receptors. It acts by binding to these receptors, which are predominantly located in the heart, leading to increased chronotropy and inotropy. This results in enhanced cardiac output and myocardial oxygen demand, simulating the effects of physical exertion.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Arbutamine's primary mechanism involves the activation of adenylate cyclase via G-protein coupled receptors, leading to increased levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) within cardiac myocytes. This cascade results in enhanced calcium influx, which is crucial for muscle contraction.
Pharmacokinetics[edit | edit source]
Arbutamine is administered intravenously, allowing for rapid onset of action. It undergoes hepatic metabolism and is primarily excreted via the renal system. The drug's half-life is relatively short, necessitating continuous infusion during stress testing.
Clinical Use[edit | edit source]
Arbutamine is used in cardiac stress testing for patients who are unable to perform exercise stress tests due to physical limitations. It is particularly useful in diagnosing coronary artery disease by inducing ischemia in a controlled environment.
Indications[edit | edit source]
- Evaluation of myocardial ischemia
- Assessment of coronary artery disease
- Preoperative evaluation in patients with known or suspected cardiac conditions
Contraindications[edit | edit source]
Arbutamine is contraindicated in patients with:
Adverse Effects[edit | edit source]
Common adverse effects include:
Serious adverse effects may include:
Administration[edit | edit source]
Arbutamine is administered via a continuous intravenous infusion, typically using a pump to control the rate of delivery. The dosage is titrated based on the patient's response and the desired level of cardiac stress.
Monitoring[edit | edit source]
During administration, continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is essential to detect any arrhythmias or ischemic changes. Blood pressure and heart rate should also be monitored closely.
Conclusion[edit | edit source]
Arbutamine Hydrochloride is a valuable tool in the assessment of cardiac function, particularly in patients unable to undergo traditional exercise stress testing. Its use requires careful monitoring due to the potential for significant cardiovascular effects.
See Also[edit | edit source]
External Links[edit | edit source]
- [Link to relevant medical guidelines]
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