Arhar

Arhar (also known as Pigeon Pea, Cajanus cajan) is a perennial legume from the family Fabaceae. It is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions for its edible seeds. Arhar is a significant source of protein and is commonly used in Indian cuisine.

Description

Arhar is a perennial shrub that can grow up to 4 meters in height. The plant has a deep taproot system, which makes it drought-resistant. The leaves are pinnate with three leaflets, and the flowers are yellow with red or purple streaks. The fruit is a flat, straight, or slightly curved pod containing 2-9 seeds.

Cultivation

Arhar is typically grown in tropical and subtropical regions. It requires a warm climate and is usually planted at the beginning of the rainy season. The plant thrives in well-drained soils and can tolerate a range of soil types, including sandy and clay soils. It is often grown in intercropped systems with other cereals and legumes.

Uses

The seeds of the Arhar plant are used in various culinary dishes. In India, they are commonly split and used to make dal, a staple dish in Indian cuisine. The seeds are also used in soups, stews, and salads. Besides its culinary uses, Arhar is also used as fodder for livestock and as a green manure to improve soil fertility.

Nutritional Value

Arhar seeds are rich in protein, dietary fiber, and essential amino acids. They also contain significant amounts of vitamins and minerals, including iron, calcium, and magnesium.

Pests and Diseases

Arhar is susceptible to various pests and diseases. Common pests include the pod borer, aphids, and whiteflies. Diseases such as fusarium wilt, phytophthora blight, and powdery mildew can also affect the crop. Integrated pest management practices are often employed to control these issues.

Related Pages

• Legume
• Fabaceae
• Indian cuisine
• Dal
• Intercropping
• Green manure