Lacrimal artery

An article about the lacrimal artery, its anatomy, and function

The lacrimal artery is a significant blood vessel in the human body that supplies blood to the lacrimal gland, the eyelids, and the conjunctiva. It is a branch of the ophthalmic artery, which itself is a branch of the internal carotid artery.

Diagram of the arteries of the eye, including the lacrimal artery.

Anatomy

The lacrimal artery arises from the ophthalmic artery shortly after it enters the orbit through the optic canal. It travels along the superior border of the lateral rectus muscle, towards the lacrimal gland.

Branches

The lacrimal artery gives off several branches:

• Lateral palpebral arteries: These supply the eyelids.
• Zygomatic branches: These pass through the zygomatic bone and supply the temporal fossa.
• Recurrent meningeal branch: This branch anastomoses with the middle meningeal artery.

Function

The primary function of the lacrimal artery is to supply oxygenated blood to the lacrimal gland, which is responsible for the production of tears. It also supplies blood to the eyelids and the conjunctiva, playing a crucial role in maintaining the health and function of the eye and its associated structures.

Clinical significance

The lacrimal artery is important in ophthalmic surgery and orbital surgery. Damage to this artery can lead to complications such as ischemia of the lacrimal gland or eyelid tissues. Understanding its course and branches is essential for surgeons operating in the orbital region.

Related pages

• Ophthalmic artery
• Lacrimal gland
• Internal carotid artery
• Orbit (anatomy)