Artesunate/amodiaquine

Artesunate/amodiaquine is a combination medication used in the treatment of malaria, specifically for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. This medication combines two active ingredients, artesunate and amodiaquine, both of which are antimalarial drugs.

Mechanism of Action

Artesunate is a sesquiterpene lactone derivative, which quickly reduces the number of parasites in the first three days of infection, while amodiaquine, a 4-aminoquinoline, clears remaining parasites.

Usage and Administration

Artesunate/amodiaquine is administered orally. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the patient's age and the severity of the disease. It is typically given once daily for three days.

Side Effects

Common side effects include abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Serious side effects may include a slow heart rate, hearing problems, and low blood cell levels. It is not recommended in people with a history of liver or kidney disease.

Resistance

Resistance to artesunate/amodiaquine has been reported, particularly in Southeast Asia and South America. This resistance is typically due to genetic changes in the malaria parasite.

History

Artesunate/amodiaquine was first developed in the 1980s as a response to increasing resistance to chloroquine. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

File:Artesunate-amodiaquine.png

Chemical structure of artesunate/amodiaquine

See Also

• Antimalarial medication
• Artemisinin-based combination therapies

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