Artificial respirator

Artificial respirator is a device designed to mechanically move breathable air into and out of the lungs, to provide the mechanism of breathing for a patient who is physically unable to breathe, or breathing insufficiently.

History

The concept of an artificial respirator has been around since the late 18th century, with the invention of the iron lung. This was a large, sealed chamber that used changes in air pressure to stimulate breathing. Modern artificial respirators, also known as ventilators, have evolved significantly since then, becoming smaller, more efficient, and more sophisticated in their capabilities.

Types

There are two main types of artificial respirators: invasive and non-invasive. Invasive ventilation involves the use of a tube inserted into the patient's airway, while non-invasive ventilation uses a mask or similar device to deliver air.

Invasive Ventilation

Invasive ventilation is typically used in critical care situations, such as during surgery or when a patient is unable to breathe on their own due to a severe illness or injury. This type of ventilation requires the placement of an endotracheal tube or a tracheostomy tube.

Non-Invasive Ventilation

Non-invasive ventilation is often used for patients who have difficulty breathing but do not require immediate, intensive care. This can include patients with chronic respiratory diseases, such as COPD or sleep apnea.

Function

The primary function of an artificial respirator is to deliver oxygen to the lungs and remove carbon dioxide. This is achieved by creating a positive pressure within the airways, which helps to inflate the lungs. The respirator also monitors various parameters, such as the patient's oxygen levels and breathing rate, and can adjust its settings accordingly.

Risks and Complications

While artificial respirators can be life-saving devices, they are not without risks. Potential complications can include lung damage, infections, and negative effects on heart function. Therefore, the use of these devices should be carefully monitored by healthcare professionals.

See Also

• Mechanical ventilation
• Respiratory therapy
• Intensive care medicine

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