Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic

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Карта_Азербайджанской_ССР_(1928)

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The Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic (Azerbaijan SSR) was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union. It was established on 28 April 1920, following the Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan, and existed until the dissolution of the Soviet Union on 30 August 1991. The capital of the Azerbaijan SSR was Baku.

History

The Azerbaijan SSR was formed after the Red Army overthrew the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. It became part of the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (TSFSR) in 1922, which also included the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic. The TSFSR was dissolved in 1936, and the Azerbaijan SSR became a separate constituent republic of the Soviet Union.

During the Great Patriotic War, the Azerbaijan SSR played a crucial role in supplying the Soviet Union with oil. The Baku oil fields were a significant source of fuel for the Soviet war effort.

In the late 1980s, the Azerbaijan SSR experienced a rise in nationalist movements, leading to tensions with the central Soviet government. The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict also intensified during this period. On 30 August 1991, the Azerbaijan SSR declared its independence, becoming the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Government and Politics

The Azerbaijan SSR was governed by the Communist Party of Azerbaijan, which was a branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The highest authority in the republic was the Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR, which was responsible for legislative functions. The executive branch was headed by the Council of Ministers of the Azerbaijan SSR.

Economy

The economy of the Azerbaijan SSR was centrally planned and heavily industrialized. The republic was known for its oil production, with the Baku oil fields being one of the largest in the Soviet Union. Other important industries included petrochemicals, machinery, and textiles. Agriculture also played a significant role, with cotton, grapes, and citrus fruits being major crops.

Demographics

The population of the Azerbaijan SSR was diverse, with Azerbaijanis being the largest ethnic group. Other significant ethnic groups included Russians, Armenians, and Lezgins. The official language was Azerbaijani, but Russian was also widely spoken.

Culture

The Azerbaijan SSR had a rich cultural heritage, with contributions to literature, music, and the arts. The republic was known for its mugham music, Azerbaijani literature, and Azerbaijani cinema. The government promoted cultural activities and supported various cultural institutions.

See also

• Republic of Azerbaijan
• Communist Party of Azerbaijan
• Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
• Baku
• Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic

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