Benzanthracene

Benzanthracene or benz[a]anthracene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) that is classified as a Group 2B carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). It is a white crystalline solid that is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Benzanthracene consists of four fused benzene rings arranged in a specific pattern. It has the molecular formula C18H12 and a molecular weight of 228.29 g/mol. The compound is non-polar and has a high boiling point due to the presence of strong intermolecular forces.

Sources and Exposure

Benzanthracene is primarily produced during the incomplete combustion of organic materials. It is found in tobacco smoke, vehicle exhaust, and coal tar. Occupational exposure can occur in industries such as coal gasification, aluminium production, and tobacco processing.

Health Effects

Long-term exposure to benzanthracene can lead to several health problems. It is a known carcinogen, and can cause lung cancer and skin cancer. Other health effects include respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and immune disorders.

Regulation and Guidelines

Several agencies have set guidelines to limit exposure to benzanthracene. The OSHA has set a permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 0.2 mg/m3 for benzanthracene. The EPA has classified benzanthracene as a probable human carcinogen.

See Also

• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
• Carcinogen
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration
• Environmental Protection Agency