Bikaner

Bikaner coat of arms

Bikaner is a city in the northwest of the state of Rajasthan in northern India. It is located 330 kilometers northwest of the state capital, Jaipur. Bikaner was founded by Rao Bika in 1488 AD as the capital of the princely state of Bikaner. The city is known for its rich history, culture, and architecture, including the magnificent Junagarh Fort, the Lalgarh Palace, and the Karni Mata Temple. Bikaner is also famous for its sweets and snacks, particularly Bikaneri Bhujia.

History

The foundation of Bikaner dates back to 1488 AD when Rao Bika, a Rajput prince and the second son of Rao Jodha, the founder of Jodhpur, established the city. Rao Bika chose a barren wilderness called "Jangladesh" and transformed it into an impressive city. The Ganga Canal, completed in the early 20th century, brought prosperity to Bikaner, making it an oasis in the desert.

Geography

Bikaner is situated in the middle of the Thar Desert and has a hot desert climate with very high temperatures in summer and minimal rainfall. The city's geography is characterized by sandy soil and arid conditions, making water scarcity a significant challenge.

Culture

Bikaner's culture is rich in tradition, with festivals, music, and dance playing an integral part of the lives of the people. The Camel Festival is an annual event that attracts tourists from across the globe. It features camel races, cultural performances, and showcases the traditional arts and crafts of Rajasthan.

Architecture

Bikaner is renowned for its architectural marvels, which are a blend of Rajput, Mughal, and European styles. The Junagarh Fort is a prime example, with its impressive courtyards, balconies, kiosks, and towers. The Lalgarh Palace, built by Maharaja Ganga Singh in the early 20th century, is another architectural gem, combining Mughal, Rajput, and European elements.

Economy

The economy of Bikaner is primarily based on agriculture, industry, and tourism. The city is famous for the production of Bikaneri Bhujia, a spicy snack made from moth beans and spices. The woolen and leather industries are also significant contributors to the economy, along with the manufacturing of building materials, mining, and the service sector.

Education

Bikaner is home to several educational institutions, including the Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences and the Government Engineering College, Bikaner. These institutions play a crucial role in the educational development of the region.

Tourism

Tourism is a vital part of Bikaner's economy, with numerous historical and cultural sites attracting visitors from around the world. Key attractions include the Junagarh Fort, the Lalgarh Palace, the Karni Mata Temple, and the National Research Centre on Camel.

Transport

Bikaner is well-connected by road, rail, and air. The city has its own airport, Bikaner Airport, which facilitates domestic flights. The extensive road and rail networks ensure easy accessibility to major cities across India.

See Also

• Rajasthan
• Junagarh Fort
• Lalgarh Palace
• Camel Festival