Bioglass 45S5

Bioglass 45S5

Bioglass 45S5, also known as 45S5 Bioglass, is a type of bioactive glass that was developed by Dr. Larry L. Hench in 1969. It is composed of 45% silicon dioxide (SiO2), 24.5% calcium oxide (CaO), 24.5% sodium oxide (Na2O), and 6% phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) by weight. This specific composition allows Bioglass 45S5 to bond with bone and soft tissues, making it a significant material in the field of biomaterials and regenerative medicine.

Properties

Bioglass 45S5 is known for its unique ability to form a bond with living tissues. When implanted in the body, it undergoes a series of reactions that result in the formation of a hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer on its surface, which is chemically and structurally similar to the mineral phase of bone. This bioactivity is a key property that distinguishes Bioglass 45S5 from other types of glass and ceramics.

Chemical Composition

• 45% Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
• 24.5% Calcium oxide (CaO)
• 24.5% Sodium oxide (Na2O)
• 6% Phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5)

Bioactivity

The bioactivity of Bioglass 45S5 is attributed to its specific composition and the presence of calcium and phosphorus, which are essential for bone growth. When Bioglass 45S5 is exposed to bodily fluids, it releases ions such as calcium and phosphate, which precipitate to form the HCA layer. This layer facilitates the bonding of the glass to bone and soft tissues.

Applications

Bioglass 45S5 has a wide range of applications in the medical field, particularly in orthopedics and dentistry. It is used in bone grafts, coatings for metallic implants, and as a component in composite materials for bone repair. Its ability to bond with bone and promote bone growth makes it an ideal material for these applications.

Orthopedics

In orthopedics, Bioglass 45S5 is used in bone grafts and as a coating for metallic implants. Its bioactive properties help in the integration of the implant with the surrounding bone, reducing the risk of implant failure.

Dentistry

In dentistry, Bioglass 45S5 is used in dental composites and as a bone graft material. It helps in the regeneration of bone in dental surgeries and improves the success rate of dental implants.

History

Bioglass 45S5 was developed by Dr. Larry L. Hench in 1969 while he was working at the University of Florida. The development of Bioglass 45S5 marked a significant milestone in the field of biomaterials, as it was the first material known to bond with bone.

See also

• Bioactive glass
• Biomaterials
• Regenerative medicine
• Orthopedics
• Dentistry