Black gram

Black gram (Vigna mungo) is a type of legume native to India and is widely cultivated in the Indian subcontinent and other parts of Asia. It is known by various local names such as urad dal, mungo bean, black lentil, and matpe bean.

Description

Black gram is a small, black, and glossy bean with a tough outer layer. The plant is erect and bushy, growing up to 30-100 cm in height. The leaves are trifoliate, with ovate leaflets, 4-10 cm long and 2-7 cm wide. The flowers are yellow or greenish, followed by cylindrical pods, 4-6 cm long.

Cultivation

Black gram is a warm-season crop and is grown mainly in the Kharif season (June to October). It prefers well-drained, fertile soils with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. The crop is sensitive to waterlogging and requires regular irrigation during the growing period.

Uses

Black gram is a staple food in many parts of India, where it is used to make a variety of dishes such as dal makhani, idli, dosa, and vada. It is also used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine for its various health benefits.

Nutrition

Black gram is rich in protein, dietary fiber, and various essential vitamins and minerals. It is a good source of iron, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, among others.

Health Benefits

Consumption of black gram is associated with several health benefits. It is known to improve digestion, boost energy, regulate blood sugar levels, and enhance skin health. It is also believed to have anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties.

See Also

• Pulse (legume)
• Vigna
• Dal
• Indian cuisine