Blastomyces

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Blastomyces_dermatitidis

Blastomyces is a genus of dimorphic fungi in the family Ajellomycetaceae. The genus is known for causing the disease blastomycosis, primarily affecting humans and other animals. The most notable species within this genus is Blastomyces dermatitidis.

Morphology

Blastomyces species exhibit dimorphism, meaning they can exist in two different forms depending on the environmental conditions. In the environment, they grow as a mold with hyphae and produce conidia. When inhaled into the lungs of a host, they convert into a yeast form, which is pathogenic.

Pathogenicity

The primary pathogen in this genus, Blastomyces dermatitidis, causes blastomycosis, a systemic fungal infection. The infection typically begins in the lungs after the inhalation of fungal spores and can disseminate to other parts of the body, including the skin, bones, and central nervous system.

Ecology

Blastomyces species are typically found in soil and decaying organic matter, particularly in areas with high humidity and rich in organic material. They are endemic to certain regions, including parts of North America, particularly the Mississippi River and Ohio River valleys, the Great Lakes region, and parts of Canada.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of blastomycosis involves clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and laboratory tests such as culture, histopathology, and PCR assays. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications, with itraconazole and amphotericin B being commonly used.

Related Pages

• Blastomycosis
• Dimorphic fungi
• Ajellomycetaceae
• Ascomycota
• Eurotiomycetes
• Onygenales