Bridelia retusa

Bridelia retusa

Bridelia retusa (Sanskrit: असन; Hindi: असना), commonly known as the Spinous Kino Tree or Porcupine Wood, is a species of tree in the Phyllanthaceae family. It is native to the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia, where it thrives in a variety of forest ecosystems. This species is highly valued for its wood, medicinal properties, and ecological benefits.

Description

Bridelia retusa is a medium-sized deciduous tree that can grow up to 10-15 meters in height. It has a dense canopy with a rounded shape. The bark is dark grey and rough, with small thorns or spines on the younger branches. The leaves are simple, alternate, ovate or elliptic, with a leathery texture and a glossy green appearance. The flowers are small, unisexual, and borne in axillary or terminal inflorescences. The plant is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate trees. The fruit is a small, spherical drupe that turns from green to purple or black upon ripening.

Distribution and Habitat

Bridelia retusa is widely distributed across the Indian Subcontinent, including India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka, extending to parts of Southeast Asia, such as Thailand and Vietnam. It prefers moist deciduous to dry deciduous forests, often found in riverine and riparian zones, up to an altitude of 1000 meters.

Uses

Medicinal

In traditional medicine, various parts of the Bridelia retusa tree, such as the bark, leaves, and roots, have been used to treat a range of ailments. The bark is known for its astringent properties and has been used in the treatment of dysentery and diarrhea. The leaves and roots are used in the treatment of skin diseases and as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Timber

The wood of Bridelia retusa is highly valued for its hardness and durability, making it suitable for construction, furniture, and tool handles. It is also used as firewood and for making charcoal.

Ecological

Bridelia retusa plays a significant role in its ecosystem. It is a host plant for various species of butterflies and insects, contributing to biodiversity. The tree's dense canopy provides shelter and nesting sites for birds and small mammals. Its fruits are a source of food for wildlife.

Conservation

While Bridelia retusa is not currently listed as endangered, it faces threats from habitat destruction and over-exploitation for timber and medicinal uses. Conservation efforts are necessary to ensure the sustainable management and preservation of this valuable species.

See Also

• Phyllanthaceae
• Medicinal plants
• Timber trees
• Conservation status