Bromodichloromethane

Bromodichloromethane is a colorless, nonflammable liquid that is used in various industrial applications. It is a member of the class of compounds known as trihalomethanes, and is formed when chlorine or other disinfectants are used to treat drinking water. Bromodichloromethane is also used in the synthesis of other chemicals.

Chemical Properties

Bromodichloromethane (CHBrCl2) has a molecular weight of 163.83 g/mol. It is a dense, volatile liquid that is slightly soluble in water. It has a boiling point of 119-120 °C and a melting point of -22 °C. The compound is stable under normal temperatures and pressures, but it may decompose upon heating to produce toxic and corrosive gases including hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide.

Uses

Bromodichloromethane is used in various industrial applications. It is used as a solvent for waxes, fats, resins, and rubber. It is also used in the synthesis of other chemicals. However, its primary source in the environment is from the disinfection of drinking water.

Health Effects

Exposure to bromodichloromethane can have several adverse health effects. It can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It can also cause damage to the liver and kidneys. Long-term exposure can lead to more serious health problems, including cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified bromodichloromethane as possibly carcinogenic to humans.

Environmental Impact

Bromodichloromethane is released into the environment through industrial emissions and the disinfection of drinking water. It can contaminate air, soil, and water. It is not known to bioaccumulate in animals or plants, but it can remain in the environment for long periods and can travel long distances in the air.

Regulation

In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set a maximum contaminant level (MCL) for bromodichloromethane in drinking water at 0.080 milligrams per liter (mg/L). The agency has also set health advisories for short-term and lifetime exposure to the compound.

See Also

• Trihalomethanes
• Disinfection by-products
• Water pollution

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