Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso (orthographic projection)

Location Burkina Faso AU Africa.svg

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Africa de l'Oèst en 1875-es

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Burkina Faso
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Unité, Progrès, Justice" ("Unity, Progress, Justice")
Anthem: "Une Seule Nuit" ("One Single Night")
Capital and largest city	Ouagadougou
Official languages	French
National languages	Mòoré, Dioula, Fula
Ethnic groups	Mossi, Gurunsi, Senufo, Bobo, Gourmantché, Lobi, Tuareg, Peul
Government	Unitary semi-presidential republic
• President	Ibrahim Traoré
• Prime Minister	Apollinaire Joachim Kyélem de Tambèla
Area
• Total	272,967 km2 (105,393 sq mi) (74th)
Population
• 2022 estimate	21,510,181
• Density	78.8/km2 (204.1/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2022 estimate
• Total	$45.1 billion
• Per capita	$2,100
GDP (nominal)	2022 estimate
• Total	$17.3 billion
• Per capita	$800
Currency	CFA franc (XOF)
Time zone	UTC±0 (GMT)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+226
ISO 3166 code	[[ISO 3166-2:BF |BF ]]
Internet TLD	.bf

Burkina Faso is a landlocked country in West Africa. It is bordered by Mali to the northwest, Niger to the northeast, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to the south, and Ivory Coast to the southwest. The capital and largest city is Ouagadougou.

History

The territory of Burkina Faso was originally inhabited by various ethnic groups, including the Mossi, who established powerful kingdoms such as the Kingdom of Ouagadougou. The region became part of the French colonial empire in the late 19th century and was known as Upper Volta until it gained independence on August 5, 1960. The country was renamed Burkina Faso on August 4, 1984, by then-President Thomas Sankara, combining words from the Mòoré and Dioula languages to mean "Land of Incorruptible People."

Geography

Burkina Faso covers an area of 272,967 square kilometers and has a primarily tropical climate with two distinct seasons: the rainy season and the dry season. The country is characterized by a savanna landscape, with the Sahel region in the north and more fertile lands in the south.

Politics

Burkina Faso is a semi-presidential republic with a President serving as the head of state and a Prime Minister as the head of government. The country has experienced several coups and political instability since its independence. The current President is Ibrahim Traoré, and the Prime Minister is Apollinaire Joachim Kyélem de Tambèla.

Economy

The economy of Burkina Faso is largely based on agriculture, which employs about 80% of the workforce. Major crops include sorghum, millet, maize, and cotton. The country also has significant reserves of gold, which is a major export product.

Demographics

Burkina Faso has a population of approximately 21.5 million people. The official language is French, but many indigenous languages are also spoken, including Mòoré, Dioula, and Fula. The population is composed of various ethnic groups, with the Mossi being the largest.

Culture

Burkina Faso is known for its rich cultural heritage, including traditional music, dance, and festivals. The country hosts the biennial FESPACO (Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou), which is one of the most important film festivals in Africa.

Education and Health

The education system in Burkina Faso faces challenges such as low enrollment rates and high dropout rates. The country has made efforts to improve access to education, particularly for girls. The healthcare system also faces challenges, including limited access to medical facilities and a shortage of healthcare professionals.

See also

• List of Presidents of Burkina Faso
• Geography of Burkina Faso
• Economy of Burkina Faso
• Culture of Burkina Faso