Burrow (dermatology)

Burrow (dermatology) is a term used in dermatology to describe a type of skin lesion. A burrow is a small, tunnel-like structure in the skin, typically caused by infestations of certain types of parasites, such as the scabies mite.

Definition

A burrow in dermatological terms is a linear or zigzag channel or tunnel made in the epidermis, or outer layer of the skin, by a parasitic mite. The mite, along with its eggs and feces, can be found within the burrow. The presence of burrows is a key diagnostic feature of a scabies infestation.

Causes

The primary cause of burrows in the skin is the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, the parasite responsible for scabies. The female mite burrows into the skin to lay her eggs, which hatch after a few days. The larvae then move to the surface of the skin, where they mature and can infest other areas of the skin or other hosts.

Symptoms

The burrows themselves are often difficult to see, as they can be obscured by inflammation or scales. They may appear as slightly raised, grayish-white or skin-colored lines on the skin surface. The most common locations for burrows include the web spaces of the fingers, the wrists, and the elbows.

The presence of burrows is often accompanied by intense itching, especially at night. This itching is caused by an allergic reaction to the mites, their eggs, and their feces.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of burrows is typically made through a physical examination of the skin. A dermatologist may use a technique called dermoscopy to visualize the burrows. In some cases, a skin scraping may be taken to examine under a microscope for the presence of mites, eggs, or feces.

Treatment

Treatment for burrows involves addressing the underlying cause, which is typically a scabies infestation. This may involve the use of topical scabicides to kill the mites, as well as measures to alleviate the itching and inflammation.

Prevention

Prevention of burrows involves avoiding contact with individuals who have scabies, as well as thorough cleaning of clothing, bedding, and other items that may be infested.