Buthionine sulfoximine

Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) is a chemical compound that is commonly used in scientific research. It is a specific inhibitor of glutathione synthesis, and is often used in studies investigating the role of glutathione in cellular processes.

Chemistry

BSO is a sulfur-containing amino acid analogue. Its chemical formula is C8H18N2O3S, and its molecular weight is 222.31 g/mol. It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water and ethanol.

Mechanism of action

BSO inhibits the synthesis of glutathione by irreversibly inhibiting the enzyme gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. This enzyme is the first step in the synthesis of glutathione, a tripeptide that plays a crucial role in cellular defense against oxidative stress and in the detoxification of xenobiotics. By inhibiting the synthesis of glutathione, BSO can increase the sensitivity of cells to oxidative stress and to certain drugs.

Uses in research

BSO is widely used in research to study the role of glutathione in various cellular processes. For example, it has been used to investigate the role of glutathione in the protection of cells against oxidative stress, in the detoxification of xenobiotics, and in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. BSO has also been used in combination with certain anticancer drugs to increase their cytotoxicity.

Safety

BSO is a potent inhibitor of glutathione synthesis and can therefore cause oxidative stress and cell death. It should be handled with care and appropriate safety measures should be taken to avoid exposure.

See also

• Glutathione
• Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
• Oxidative stress
• Xenobiotics