CCL4

CCL4, also known as Macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β), is a CC chemokine that is involved in the immune response by attracting certain cells of the immune system. It is produced by several cell types, including macrophages and dendritic cells.

Structure

CCL4 is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. It is a 69-amino acid protein that is approximately 7.8 kilodaltons in size. The structure of CCL4 is characterized by a three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet and a C-terminal alpha-helix.

Function

CCL4 is involved in the recruitment and activation of leukocytes, particularly monocytes and T cells. It is chemotactic for natural killer cells, monocytes and a variety of other immune cells. CCL4 is also involved in the formation of granulomas and is a major HIV-suppressive factor produced by CD8+ T-cells.

Clinical significance

CCL4 has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including HIV infection, rheumatoid arthritis, and atherosclerosis. It is also involved in the inflammatory response to sepsis and trauma.

See also

• Chemokine
• Cytokine
• Immune response
• Macrophage
• Dendritic cell

CCL4 Resources
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