CD64

CD64 is a type of protein that in humans is encoded by the FCGR1A gene. It is also known as Fc-gamma RI, and is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. CD64 plays a crucial role in the immune system, as it is involved in the process of phagocytosis and cytokine release.

Structure

CD64 is a high-affinity Fc receptor, and is composed of a transmembrane domain, a cytoplasmic domain, and three extracellular immunoglobulin domains. The cytoplasmic domain contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM), which is essential for triggering immune responses.

Function

CD64 is primarily found on the surface of monocytes and macrophages, and is upregulated during inflammation. It binds to the Fc portion of IgG antibodies, and triggers a series of cellular responses including phagocytosis, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and release of cytokines and chemokines.

Clinical significance

CD64 is used as a biomarker for distinguishing between bacterial and viral infections. High levels of CD64 are associated with bacterial infections, while low levels are associated with viral infections. It is also used as a marker for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as patients with SLE have been found to have elevated levels of CD64.

See also

• Fc receptor
• Immunoglobulin superfamily
• Phagocytosis
• Cytokine
• Monocyte
• Macrophage
• Inflammation
• IgG
• Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
• Chemokine
• Biomarker
• Infection
• Systemic lupus erythematosus

CD64 Resources
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