CYP2E1

CYP2E1 is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. These enzymes are involved in the metabolism of a wide variety of substrates, including xenobiotics, endogenous compounds, and drugs. CYP2E1 is notable for its role in the metabolism of ethanol and acetaminophen, and its induction by chronic alcohol consumption.

Structure

CYP2E1 is a protein that is encoded by the CYP2E1 gene in humans. The protein is located in the endoplasmic reticulum and is expressed in the liver. It has a heme group as a prosthetic group, which is necessary for its enzymatic activity.

Function

CYP2E1 is involved in the metabolism of many compounds, including small molecule substrates such as ethanol and acetaminophen. It is also involved in the metabolism of various xenobiotics, including the conversion of benzene to toxic metabolites and the bioactivation of nitrosamines and aflatoxin B1.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the activity of CYP2E1 have been associated with a variety of diseases, including alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cancer. In particular, the induction of CYP2E1 by chronic alcohol consumption can lead to increased production of reactive oxygen species, contributing to liver damage.

See also

• Cytochrome P450
• Xenobiotic metabolism
• Alcoholic liver disease
• Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease