Camptotheca

Camptotheca is a genus of medium-sized deciduous trees native to southern China and Tibet. The genus is monotypic, with only one species, Camptotheca acuminata, commonly known as the "happy tree", "cancer tree", or "tree of life".

Description

Camptotheca acuminata is a medium-sized tree that can reach up to 20 meters in height. The leaves are deciduous, 10-20 cm long and 4-8 cm broad, with a finely serrated margin. The flowers are small, yellowish, produced in a large inflorescence 5-10 cm diameter. The fruit is a two-part capsule 2 cm diameter, containing two seeds.

Distribution and habitat

Camptotheca acuminata is native to southern China and Tibet. It grows in a variety of habitats, from riverbanks to mountain slopes, at altitudes of 100-1400 m.

Uses

The tree is notable for its anti-cancer properties. The chemical compound camptothecin, which can be extracted from the tree, has been used in the production of several chemotherapy drugs, including topotecan, irinotecan, and belotecan. These drugs are used to treat a variety of cancers, including lung, ovarian, and gastrointestinal cancers.

Conservation status

Camptotheca acuminata is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List. The main threats to the species are habitat loss due to deforestation and overharvesting for its medicinal properties.

Cultivation

Camptotheca acuminata is cultivated for its medicinal properties. It is also grown as an ornamental tree for its attractive foliage and flowers.

See also

• List of plants used in herbalism
• List of trees native to China