Cancer of the vulva

Cancer of the vulva or vulvar cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the vulva, the external part of the female genitalia. It is a relatively rare disease, accounting for about 0.6% of all cancers in women.

Types[edit | edit source]

There are several types of vulvar cancer, which are classified based on the type of cells that become cancerous. The most common types include:

Squamous cell carcinoma: This is the most common type of vulvar cancer, accounting for about 90% of all cases. It begins in the thin, flat cells that line the surface of the vulva.

Melanoma: This type of vulvar cancer begins in the pigment-producing cells in the vulva.

Adenocarcinoma: This type of vulvar cancer begins in the cells of the glands that line the vulva.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Symptoms of vulvar cancer can vary, but may include:

A lump or growth on the vulva that often causes pain or itching
Changes in the color or skin of the vulva
Bleeding or discharge not related to the normal menstrual cycle
Persistent itching, pain, soreness or burning in the vulvar area

Risk Factors[edit | edit source]

Several factors may increase a woman's risk of developing vulvar cancer, including:

Age: The risk of vulvar cancer increases with age. Most cases are diagnosed in women over age 60.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: Certain types of HPV, a sexually transmitted infection, can cause changes in the cells of the vulva that may lead to cancer.
Smoking: Women who smoke are at a higher risk of developing vulvar cancer.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for vulvar cancer depends on the type and stage of the disease, and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these treatments.

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Prevention strategies for vulvar cancer include regular gynecological exams, vaccination against HPV, and avoiding risk factors such as smoking and unprotected sex.