Canine hip dysplasia

Canine hip dysplasia is a common skeletal condition, often seen in large or giant breed dogs, though it can occur in smaller breeds as well. This condition is characterized by a looseness or instability of the hip joint, leading to degenerative joint disease (DJD) or osteoarthritis (OA).

Causes

The primary cause of canine hip dysplasia is genetic, passed down from parents to offspring. However, environmental factors such as diet, exercise, growth rate, and muscle mass can also influence the development and progression of the disease.

Symptoms

Symptoms of canine hip dysplasia can vary greatly. Some dogs may show signs of discomfort or lameness in one or both rear legs, especially after exercise. In severe cases, dogs may experience pain and difficulty standing or walking. Other dogs may show no outward signs of discomfort, even though degenerative changes are occurring in the hip joints.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of canine hip dysplasia is typically made through a combination of clinical signs and radiographic findings. Veterinarians may use the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) or PennHIP methods to evaluate the hip joints.

Treatment

Treatment for canine hip dysplasia can be non-surgical or surgical. Non-surgical treatments include weight management, controlled exercise, and anti-inflammatory medications. Surgical options include procedures such as a total hip replacement or a femoral head ostectomy.

Prevention

Prevention of canine hip dysplasia involves careful breeding practices, including the screening of breeding dogs for hip dysplasia and only breeding dogs with healthy hips. Maintaining a healthy weight and providing regular, controlled exercise can also help to prevent the development of hip dysplasia.

See also

• Dog health
• Hip dysplasia (canine)
• Osteoarthritis
• Orthopedic Foundation for Animals