Cantú syndrome
| Cantú syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Cardiomegaly (x-ray)- one of the characteristics of Cantu syndrome | |
| Synonyms | Hypertrychotic osteochondrodysplasia[1] |
| Pronounce | |
| Field | |
| Symptoms | Cardiomegaly[2] |
| Complications | |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | |
| Causes | Mutation in ABCC9 gene[3] |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Echocardiogram, X-ray[4] |
| Differential diagnosis | |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Scoliosis is managed via bracing[5] |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | |
| Frequency | |
| Deaths | |
Cantú syndrome is a rare condition characterized by hypertrichosis, osteochondrodysplasia, and cardiomegaly.[6][5] Less than 50 cases have been described in the literature; they are associated with a mutation in the ABCC9-gene that codes for the ABCC9-protein.[5]
Signs and symptoms[edit | edit source]
The main features of this condition are hypertrichosis, osteochondrodysplasia and cardiomegaly. There is also a characteristic facies. Other features include patent ductus arteriosus, congenital hypertrophy of the left ventricle, and pericardial effusions.[2]
Neurodevelopmental outcome appears normal, but obsessive traits and anxiety have been reported. It may also be associated with recurrent infections with low immunoglobulin levels and gastric bleeding, and additional possible associations include lymphoedema and heterochromia iridis. [medical citation needed]
Cause[edit | edit source]
Cantu syndrome apparently is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion[7] and appears to be affected by the ABCC9 gene.[3] ABCC9 gene provides a blueprint for creating the sulfonylurea receptor 2 in the human body.[3] The gene is located on short arm of chromosome 12 (12p12). Mutations in another gene (KCNJ8) has also been associated with this disorder. Both genes encode in ATP sensitive potassium (KATP) channel subunits. This second gene is also located on the short arm of chromosome 12 (12p12.1). [citation needed]
Mechanism[edit | edit source]
In terms of the mechanism of Cantú syndrome, mutations in the ABCC9 gene total 25/31. Physiologically, sulfonylurea receptor 2 is significant in vascular relaxation.
An increase in O2 tension after birth, plus decreasing PGE2(a common prostaglandin[8]) causes inhibition of voltage-gated potassium channels and contraction of smooth muscle (in ductus).[9]
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
This condition can be diagnosed by genetic testing.[10] Furthermore, an echocardiogram and X-ray may help in the diagnosis.[4]
Differential diagnosis[edit | edit source]
The differential diagnosis of this condition consists of the following:[5]
Treatment[edit | edit source]
The treatment/management for Cantú syndrome is based on surgical option for patent ductus arteriosus in early life and management of scoliosis via bracing. Furthermore, regular echocardiograms are needed for the individual who has exhibited this condition.[5]
History[edit | edit source]
This condition was described in 1982 by Cantú et al.[11]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "OMIM Entry - # 239850 - CANTU SYNDROME". omim.org. Retrieved 2017-04-01.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Cantu syndrome | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program". rarediseases.info.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-03-31.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Reference, Genetics Home. "ABCC9 gene". Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Initial posting 2014
- ↑
- ↑ Reference, Genetics Home. "Cantú syndrome". Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved 2017-03-23.
- ↑ Pubchem. "Prostaglandin E2 | C20H32O5 - PubChem". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-04-01.
- ↑
- ↑ "Hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia - Conditions - GTR - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-04-01.
- ↑ Cantu JM, Garcia-Cruz D, Sanchez-Corona J, Hernandez A, Nazara Z (1982) A distinct osteochondrodysplasia with hypertrichosis--individualization of a probable autosomal recessive entity. Hum Genet 60: 36-41
Further reading[edit | edit source]
Retrieved 2017-04-01
External links[edit | edit source]
| Classification | |
|---|---|
| External resources |
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