Cercopithecine herpesvirus
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Cercopithecine herpesvirus is a group of viruses belonging to the family Herpesviridae, which primarily infects non-human primates. These viruses are of significant interest due to their potential to cause disease in both their natural hosts and in humans.
Classification[edit | edit source]
Cercopithecine herpesviruses are classified within the genus Simplexvirus, which is part of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae. This subfamily is characterized by viruses that have a relatively short replication cycle and the ability to establish latent infections in the host's nervous system.
Species[edit | edit source]
The most well-known species within this group is Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1, commonly known as B virus or Macacine herpesvirus 1. This virus is endemic in macaque monkeys, such as the rhesus macaque and the cynomolgus monkey.
Transmission[edit | edit source]
Cercopithecine herpesviruses are typically transmitted through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, such as saliva, genital secretions, or through bites and scratches. In macaques, the virus is often transmitted during mating or aggressive interactions.
Pathogenesis[edit | edit source]
In their natural hosts, cercopithecine herpesviruses usually cause mild or asymptomatic infections. However, in humans, particularly with B virus, infection can lead to severe neurological disease and can be fatal if not treated promptly. Human infection is rare but can occur through occupational exposure, such as in laboratory settings or zoos.
Symptoms in Humans[edit | edit source]
In humans, symptoms of B virus infection can include fever, headache, vesicular skin lesions, and neurological symptoms such as ataxia, confusion, and paralysis. The disease can progress rapidly, and early diagnosis and treatment with antiviral medications like acyclovir are crucial.
Prevention and Control[edit | edit source]
Preventive measures include the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling non-human primates, proper training for individuals working with these animals, and strict adherence to biosafety protocols. In the event of potential exposure, immediate medical evaluation and prophylactic treatment are recommended.
Research and Implications[edit | edit source]
Research on cercopithecine herpesviruses provides insights into viral latency, cross-species transmission, and the development of vaccines and antiviral therapies. Understanding these viruses also helps in managing risks associated with zoonotic infections.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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| Herpesviridae | |
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| Herpesviridae virion | |
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| Kingdom | Virus |
| Order | Herpesvirales |
| Family | Herpesviridae |
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