Chamber tomb

A chamber tomb is a type of burial structure that was used in various ancient cultures, primarily during the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods. These tombs are characterized by their construction, which typically involves a chamber made of stone or other durable materials, often covered by a mound or cairn.

Structure and Design

Chamber tombs vary in design and complexity, but they generally consist of a central burial chamber, which may be accessed by a passage. The chamber itself is often constructed using large stones, known as megaliths, and may be covered by a mound of earth or stones, known as a tumulus.

The entrance to the chamber is usually marked by a passageway, which can be lined with stones and may include a portal stone or lintel. The interior of the chamber may contain multiple burials, and the walls and ceiling are often constructed using large stone slabs.

Cultural Significance

Chamber tombs are significant in the study of ancient cultures as they provide insights into the burial practices, social structures, and beliefs of the people who built them. These tombs are often associated with megalithic cultures and are found in various regions, including Europe, Asia, and Africa.

In some cultures, chamber tombs were used for multiple burials over time, indicating a form of ancestor worship or reverence for the dead. The construction of these tombs required significant communal effort, suggesting a well-organized society with complex social hierarchies.

Examples of Chamber Tombs

Notable examples of chamber tombs include the Newgrange in Ireland, the Maeshowe in Orkney, and the Tomb of the Eagles on the island of South Ronaldsay. These sites are renowned for their architectural sophistication and the insights they provide into prehistoric life.

Archaeological Studies

Archaeologists study chamber tombs to understand the technological capabilities and cultural practices of ancient societies. Excavations often reveal artifacts such as pottery, tools, and personal items, which help to date the tombs and provide context for the lives of the people buried within.

Also see

• Megalithic tomb
• Dolmen
• Cairn
• Tumulus
• Barrow (tumulus)