Chemise

Chemise MET 65.273.1 front CP4

Chemise dress

MA-Lebrun

Chemise MET CI51.30.1 F

Chemise is a term that refers to a type of clothing that is closely associated with undergarments or a simple dress. Historically, the chemise was a basic garment worn to protect clothing from sweat and body oils, and was the only piece of clothing that was washed regularly. Over time, the chemise has evolved and taken on different forms and significances in various fashion contexts.

History

The chemise originated in the Middle Ages, serving as a lightweight, shirt-like garment worn by both men and women beneath their outer clothing. It was typically made from linen, a breathable and washable material, which made it ideal for maintaining hygiene in a time when daily bathing was not common practice. For women, the chemise also functioned as a simple form of underwear, covering the body beneath dresses or gowns.

As fashion evolved, so did the design and purpose of the chemise. By the Renaissance, it became more refined and began to feature decorative elements such as lace or embroidery, especially around the neckline and cuffs. This was particularly evident in women's chemises, which could be glimpsed beneath corsets or bodices, adding an element of style to the overall outfit.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, the chemise continued to be an essential undergarment for women, often serving as the foundation upon which corsets and petticoats were layered. It was during this period that the term "chemise" began to be used more exclusively to refer to women's undergarments, as men's undergarments took on different forms and names.

Modern Usage

In contemporary fashion, the term chemise has taken on a more specific meaning, often referring to a type of women's lingerie. Modern chemises are typically sleeveless, made from lightweight, luxurious fabrics such as silk, satin, or lace, and designed to fall just above or below the knee. They are considered a form of nightwear or lingerie, designed to be both comfortable and visually appealing.

The modern chemise can also refer to a loose-fitting, lightweight dress or tunic, echoing its historical roots as a simple garment. These contemporary versions are often worn as casual or beachwear, showcasing the versatility and enduring appeal of the chemise in various forms of dress.

Cultural Significance

Throughout its history, the chemise has reflected broader changes in society and fashion. Initially, it was a practical garment, essential for personal hygiene and modesty. As societal norms around cleanliness and fashion evolved, so did the chemise, becoming more decorative and eventually transforming into a symbol of femininity and luxury in its modern lingerie form.

See Also

• Undergarment
• Lingerie
• Fashion history
• Nightwear