Chemo

Chemo Chemo, short for chemotherapy, is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen. Chemotherapy may be given with a curative intent (which almost always involves combinations of drugs) or it may aim to prolong life or to reduce symptoms (palliative chemotherapy).

History

The origins of chemotherapy can be traced back to the early 20th century. The first use of modern chemotherapy is often attributed to the use of mustard gas derivatives during World War II. Researchers discovered that these compounds could be used to treat lymphoma.

Mechanism of Action

Chemotherapy works by targeting rapidly dividing cells, a hallmark of cancer cells. However, it also affects other rapidly dividing cells in the body, such as those in the bone marrow, digestive tract, and hair follicles, leading to side effects.

Types of Chemotherapy

There are several types of chemotherapy, including:

• Alkylating agents
• Antimetabolites
• Anthracyclines
• Plant alkaloids
• Topoisomerase inhibitors

Administration

Chemotherapy can be administered in various ways, including:

• Intravenously (IV)
• Orally
• Intramuscularly (IM)
• Subcutaneously (SC)
• Intrathecally

Side Effects

Common side effects of chemotherapy include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Hair loss
• Fatigue
• Anemia
• Infection

Effectiveness

The effectiveness of chemotherapy varies depending on the type and stage of cancer. It is often used in combination with other treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy.

Related Pages

• Cancer
• Radiation therapy
• Immunotherapy
• Oncology
• Bone marrow
• Lymphoma
• Intravenous therapy

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