Chest x-ray

Chest X-ray
Synonyms	Chest radiograph, CXR

A Chest X-ray, also known as a chest radiograph or CXR, is a type of radiography used to examine the organs and structures inside the chest, including the lungs, heart, and great vessels. It is one of the most common imaging tests performed in clinical practice.

Indications

Chest X-rays are performed for a variety of reasons. Common indications include:

• Diagnosis of respiratory symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain.
• Evaluation of symptoms and signs of heart failure.
• Detection and monitoring of lung diseases such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and lung cancer.
• Preoperative assessment in patients undergoing certain types of surgery.
• Monitoring the progression of chronic lung conditions.

Procedure

During a Chest X-ray, a small amount of ionizing radiation is used to create images of the structures inside the chest. The patient is typically asked to stand against a flat surface where an X-ray machine is positioned in front of and behind them. The process is quick, usually taking only a few minutes.

Interpretation

The interpretation of a Chest X-ray involves examining the radiograph for abnormalities in the lungs, heart, and other chest structures. Common findings include:

• Pneumothorax (air in the chest cavity)
• Pleural effusion (fluid in the chest cavity)
• Cardiomegaly (enlarged heart)
• Pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs)
• Various lung lesions and abnormalities

Risks

The primary risk associated with Chest X-rays is exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation. However, the dose used in a standard Chest X-ray is generally low and considered safe for most individuals. Pregnant women are advised to avoid unnecessary X-rays due to potential risks to the developing fetus.

Advancements

Recent advancements in imaging technology have led to improved image quality and reduced radiation doses. Digital X-ray systems, which are now common, provide clearer images and allow for easier storage and retrieval of radiographs.

See also

• Radiology
• Computed tomography (CT)
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Ultrasound