Chlorproguanil

Chlorproguanil is an antimalarial drug that is used in the treatment of malaria, a disease caused by parasites that enter the body through the bite of a mosquito. It is often used in combination with other antimalarial drugs to increase its effectiveness and reduce the risk of drug resistance.

History

Chlorproguanil was first synthesized in the 1960s as part of a research program aimed at developing new antimalarial drugs. It was initially used as a monotherapy, but due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains of malaria, it is now typically used in combination with other drugs.

Mechanism of Action

Chlorproguanil works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), which is essential for the synthesis of DNA in the malaria parasite. By blocking this enzyme, chlorproguanil prevents the parasite from replicating and spreading in the body.

Usage

Chlorproguanil is typically administered orally in tablet form. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the severity of the infection and the patient's overall health status. It is important to complete the full course of treatment to prevent the development of drug resistance.

Side Effects

Like all medications, chlorproguanil can cause side effects. These may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. In rare cases, it can cause serious side effects such as liver damage or blood disorders.

Resistance

Resistance to chlorproguanil has been reported in some areas where malaria is endemic. This is a major concern, as it can render the drug ineffective and lead to treatment failure.

See Also

• Antimalarial medication
• Malaria
• Dihydrofolate reductase