Chromogranin-A

Ideogram human chromosome 14

Chromogranin-A

Chromogranin-A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CHGA gene. It is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family of neuroendocrine secretory proteins. Chromogranin-A is found in secretory vesicles of neurons and endocrine cells. It is a precursor to several functional peptides including vasostatin, pancreastatin, catestatin, and parastatin.

Structure

Chromogranin-A is a glycoprotein that is processed to generate bioactive peptides. It contains multiple cleavage sites that give rise to various peptide fragments with distinct physiological functions.

Function

Chromogranin-A plays a role in the regulation of hormone secretion and neurotransmitter release. It is involved in the storage and processing of peptides within secretory vesicles. Additionally, chromogranin-A has been implicated in the modulation of cardiovascular function and blood pressure regulation.

Clinical Significance

Abnormal levels of chromogranin-A have been associated with various diseases, including neuroendocrine tumors, cardiovascular disorders, and inflammatory conditions. Measurement of chromogranin-A levels in the blood can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for certain diseases.