Cist

Cist

A cist (also spelled kist) is a small stone-built coffin-like box or ossuary used to hold the bodies of the dead. They were used in various ancient cultures, particularly during the Bronze Age and early Iron Age. Cists are often found in burial mounds or barrows and can be associated with megalithic monuments.

Description

Cists are typically constructed from stone slabs, with one or more slabs forming the sides, a slab for the base, and another slab for the lid. The size of a cist can vary, but they are generally small, designed to hold a single body or the cremated remains of an individual. The interior of a cist may contain grave goods, such as pottery, tools, or personal ornaments, which provide valuable insights into the culture and practices of the people who built them.

Archaeological Significance

Cists are significant to archaeologists because they offer a glimpse into the burial practices and beliefs of ancient societies. The construction and contents of a cist can reveal information about the social status of the individual buried within, as well as the technological capabilities and artistic expressions of the culture. Cists are often found in association with other archaeological features, such as stone circles, standing stones, and henges, which can help to contextualize their use and significance.

Distribution

Cists have been found in various parts of the world, including Europe, the Middle East, and parts of Asia. In Europe, they are particularly common in the British Isles, where they are often found in association with Bronze Age and Neolithic sites. The distribution of cists can provide insights into the spread of cultural practices and the interactions between different ancient communities.

Construction Techniques

The construction of a cist typically involves the careful selection and placement of stone slabs. The stones are often quarried locally and shaped to fit together tightly, providing a secure and durable enclosure. In some cases, the stones may be decorated with carvings or inscriptions, adding an artistic or symbolic dimension to the structure.

Also see

• Dolmen
• Tumulus
• Cairn
• Megalith
• Ossuary