Clarence Madison Dally

Clarence Madison Dally (1865 – October 2, 1904) was an American glassblower, assistant, and one of the first known victims of radiation-induced health complications, including cancer, due to his work with X-rays. Dally worked closely with Thomas Edison on experiments involving X-rays, which were discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895. Despite the groundbreaking nature of their work, the lack of awareness and understanding of the dangers posed by radiation exposure led to Dally's severe health issues and eventual death.

Early Life and Career

Clarence Madison Dally was born in 1865 in Woodbridge, New Jersey. Before joining Thomas Edison's laboratory, Dally served in the United States Navy, where he learned the skills of a glassblower, a trade that would later define his career. In 1887, Dally joined Edison's laboratory team, where he initially worked on projects related to electric lighting. However, his focus shifted with Edison's interest in the newly discovered X-rays in 1896.

Work with X-rays

Dally's work with Edison on X-rays involved experimenting with the Edison Vitascope, an early fluoroscope designed to view the inside of the human body by X-ray imaging. Dally was often exposed to X-rays during these experiments, as the dangers of radiation were not yet understood. He assisted in developing X-ray tubes and conducted numerous demonstrations of X-ray imaging, which included using his own hands as subjects for the X-ray photographs.

Health Complications

After several years of frequent exposure to X-rays, Dally began to experience severe health problems, including lesions and ulcers on his hands and arms, which were directly attributed to his work with radiation. Despite these injuries, Dally continued his work until the damage became too severe. By 1900, Dally had suffered multiple radiation-induced skin cancers and had to have several fingers amputated. His condition worsened, leading to the amputation of both his arms, and eventually, his death in 1904 at the age of 39.

Legacy

Clarence Madison Dally's tragic story highlights the dangers of occupational exposure to radiation and the importance of safety measures in radiological practices. His sacrifices contributed to a greater understanding of the need for protective equipment and procedures in working with X-rays and other forms of radiation. Today, Dally is remembered as a pioneer in the field of radiology and a cautionary tale of the risks associated with early technological advancements.

See Also

• Radiation poisoning
• History of radiology
• Occupational health and safety