Clomiphene
Information about Clomiphene[edit source]
Clomiphene is an oral agent used to treat infertility in women desiring pregnancy.
Liver safety of Clomiphene[edit source]
Clomiphene has been linked to a low rate of transient serum aminotransferase elevations during therapy and to rare instances of clinically apparent liver injury, which can be severe and even fatal.
Mechanism of action of Clomiphene[edit source]
Clomiphene (kloe' mi feen) is an orally available, nonsteroidal antiestrogen that stimulates ovulation and is used largely as therapy of infertility in women. Clomiphene interacts with estrogen receptors in many tissues, including the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, endometrium, vagina and cervix. The inhibition of estrogen effects by clomiphene leads to release of pituitary follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), which initiates growth and maturation of the ovarian follicle, follicular rupture and ovulation. In clinical trials, clomiphene resulted in pregnancies in approximately 30% of patients.
FDA approval information for Clomiphene[edit source]
Clomiphene was approved for use in the United States in 1967, and current indications are for treatment of ovulatory dysfunction in women desiring pregnancy.
Dosage and administration for Clomiphene[edit source]
Clomiphene is available in tablets of 50 mg generically and under the brand name Clomid. The recommended dose is 50 mg daily for 5 days.
Side effects of Clomiphene[edit source]
Common side effects include headache, nausea, anorexia, diarrhea, rash and renal dysfunction. Uncommon, but potentially severe adverse events include hypersensitivity reactions, visual disturbance, abdominal pain, multiple pregnancies, and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.
Obstetrical and Gynecological Agents[edit source]
- Pregnancy termination agents
- Progesterone and the Progestins
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