Clotizolam

Clotizolam is a thienotriazolodiazepine derivative which is a benzodiazepine analog. The molecule differs from most other benzodiazepine derivatives in that the benzene ring has been replaced by a thiophene ring. It was first synthesized in 1974 and is marketed in some European countries. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties.

Pharmacology

Clotizolam, like other benzodiazepines, binds to specific sites on the GABA_A receptor. This enhances the effect of that neurotransmitter and allows Clotizolam to produce its sedative and anxiety-reducing effects. Clotizolam is reported to be similar to alprazolam and other benzodiazepines that suppress symptoms via a suppression of abnormal neuronal activity.

Medical Uses

Clotizolam is primarily used to treat anxiety disorders, insomnia, and panic disorders. It is also used as a premedication for minor surgical procedures to reduce anxiety.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Clotizolam include drowsiness, sedation, muscle weakness and incoordination, slurred speech, changes in libido and tremor. Less common side effects may include changes in salivation, gastrointestinal disturbances, and changes in libido.

Dependence and Withdrawal

As with other benzodiazepines, use of Clotizolam can lead to physical and psychological dependence. The risk of dependence increases with higher doses and longer term use and is further increased in patients with a history of alcoholism or drug abuse. If Clotizolam is to be discontinued, it should be done gradually to minimize the risk of withdrawal symptoms.

See Also

• Benzodiazepine
• Thienotriazolodiazepine
• GABA_A receptor
• Anxiety disorders
• Insomnia
• Panic disorders