Coleus barbatus

Coleus barbatus (Plectranthus barbatus), also known as Forskolin, is a perennial plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to subtropical and tropical regions of India, East Africa, and South America. It has been used for centuries in traditional Ayurveda and African traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The plant is notable for its strikingly colorful leaves and its ability to thrive in a wide range of climates.

Description

Coleus barbatus is a robust, aromatic plant growing up to 2 meters in height. It has large, ovate leaves with serrated edges, and its stems are square-shaped, a characteristic feature of the Lamiaceae family. The plant produces spikes of blue to light purple flowers, and its small, nut-like fruits are a source of the bioactive compound, forskolin.

Cultivation

This plant prefers well-drained soil and can grow in full sun to partial shade. It is propagated through seed or stem cuttings and is often grown in gardens for its decorative leaves and medicinal properties. In regions with cold winters, Coleus barbatus is treated as an annual plant.

Medicinal Uses

The roots of Coleus barbatus contain a compound called forskolin, which has been studied for its potential health benefits. Forskolin is known to activate the enzyme adenylate cyclase, which increases levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in cells. This mechanism has implications for treating conditions such as:

• Asthma
• High blood pressure
• Glaucoma
• Cardiovascular diseases
• Obesity

Despite its traditional use and promising pharmacological activity, more research is needed to fully understand the efficacy and safety of Coleus barbatus extracts in modern medicine.

Pharmacology

Forskolin, the active compound in Coleus barbatus, works by increasing cAMP, a messenger molecule that transmits biological responses of hormones and neurotransmitters. The increase in cAMP is associated with a wide range of biochemical and physiological effects, including vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, and increased secretion of insulin.

Safety and Side Effects

While Coleus barbatus is generally considered safe when consumed in moderate amounts, forskolin supplements may cause side effects in some individuals, such as:

• Low blood pressure
• Increased heart rate
• Restlessness
• Cough
• Tremor
• Headache

Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid using Coleus barbatus due to the lack of safety data.

Conclusion

Coleus barbatus is a plant with a long history of medicinal use. Its active compound, forskolin, has been the subject of scientific research due to its potential health benefits. However, individuals interested in using Coleus barbatus or forskolin supplements should consult with a healthcare provider to ensure safety and efficacy.