Columbia County, Washington

Seal of Columbia County, Washington

Columbia County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 3,985, making it one of the least populous counties in the state. Dayton is the county seat and largest city. Columbia County is part of the Walla Walla, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which also includes Walla Walla County.

History

Columbia County was created out of Walla Walla County on November 11, 1875. The county was named after the Columbia River, which forms its southern boundary. The area was first explored by members of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in 1805-1806, although it was not until the late 1850s that settlers began to establish permanent residences.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 874 square miles, of which 869 square miles is land and 5.1 square miles (0.6%) is water. It is bordered by Garfield County to the east, Asotin County to the southeast, Wallowa County, Oregon to the south, Walla Walla County to the west, and Whitman County to the north.

Adjacent counties

• Whitman County - north
• Garfield County - east
• Asotin County - southeast
• Wallowa County, Oregon - south
• Walla Walla County - west

Demographics

As of the 2020 census, there were 3,985 people, 1,600 households, and 1,025 families residing in the county. The population density was 4.6 people per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was predominantly White, with small percentages of African American, Native American, Asian, and other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were a portion of the population.

Economy

The economy of Columbia County is largely based on agriculture, including the cultivation of wheat, barley, and legumes, as well as cattle ranching. There is also a growing tourism sector, with visitors drawn to the county's natural beauty, historical sites, and outdoor recreational opportunities.

Government

Columbia County is governed by a Board of County Commissioners, which consists of three members elected by the voters. The county is part of the 16th Legislative District of Washington, and it falls within the 5th Congressional District for representation in the United States Congress.

Communities

City

• Dayton (county seat)

Unincorporated communities

• Starbuck
• Alto
• Turner

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Columbia County, Washington
• Columbia County Sheriff's Office (Washington)